From the Editor
Dear VCE readers,
It goes without saying that the job of an engineer is never done. In our ever-evolving society, the role only becomes more complex, demanding creative problem-solving and intentional decision-making. The constant evolution of our world not only stands as a testament to how far we’ve come but also presents foreign problems that test our adaptability and ingenuity. Human innovation advances faster than ethical, legal, and social frameworks, a recurring pattern seen for much of human history. This gap becomes increasingly more difficult to bridge with each new wave of innovation, and the multidimensional world we live in is difficult to navigate using one-size-fits-all guidelines. This leaves engineers with the moral burden of making decisions that impact the world we live in and its future.
At VCE, we attempt to dissect the multilayered problems that exist in our modern world, in hopes of better understanding the power of decision-making and fostering a confident generation of ethically responsible engineers. This volume offers a balanced glimpse into ethical concerns that influence our day-to-day lives, from the built environments we live in and the media we consume to the code that powers it all.
Kariena Panpaliya’s paper spotlights how advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Computer-Generated Imagery (CGI) have made deepfakes and “synthespians” an increasingly common sight on screen. The paper highlights the ethical concerns surrounding these digital humanoids, particularly how their misuses can challenge bodily autonomy–especially in cases of digital resurrection. Panpaliya emphasizes that filmmaking should remain human-driven.
Anna Katherine Zhao’s paper focuses on dark patterns and persuasive design within UX (User Experience) across the digital interfaces we interact with every day. Zhao calls for a universal code of ethics in UX to ensure that designers prioritize user well-being, integrity, and trust over engagement metrics and profit.
Jess Beastrom envisions the future of infrastructure as one shaped by the integration of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies into cities. If designed intentionally, smart cities could unlock tremendous potential and improve the quality of life for residents. Beastrom stresses that transparency, resident engagement, and commitment to sustainability stand as the pillars of success for any smart city design.
Dennis Tran discusses how we can construct a better future by applying frameworks such as Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) to help companies of all sizes balance profitability with social and environmental responsibility. Tran argues that legal compliance alone is an insufficient basis for determining whether a project decision is ethically just.
Finally, Stan Weerman debugs the current issue that exists in the realm of software development, as C and C++ code present memory allocation flaws that serve as the root cause of many modern software vulnerabilities and real-world system failures. Weerman explores the various alternatives being developed to address these concerns, explaining that although these languages form a foundational part of our digital world, it is crucial to find solutions that will remedy the issues as efficiently as possible.
With each paper, we see how decisions made by engineers greatly impact our lives, framing monetary gain as of minuscule importance when viewed against the bigger picture. It is imperative that financial profit not lead the decision-making process. As engineers, it is our responsibility to create a world where future generations can step up to the plate and, as we did with those before us, admire and continue the triumphs that have shaped our modern world.
As the papers in this issue shed light on this recurring theme, we invite you to take this journey with them. With great excitement, we are thrilled to present VCE Volume 8, Issue 3!
Mary Karapetyan, VCE Editor-in-Chief
- Bridging the Gap Between Profit and Responsibility: Ethics in Construction Engineering
This article explores the ethical challenges faced by construction engineers in balancing legal compliance with sustainable practices. It emphasizes the importance of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and sustainable development in an industry that significantly impacts both the environment and society. The article examines how construction professionals navigate moral dilemmas when deciding between immediate economic returns and long-term environmental and social welfare. Through ethical frameworks such as utilitarianism, rights-based approaches, and the common good, the article argues for a greater emphasis on sustainability in construction, despite the financial and organizational barriers that hinder its widespread adoption. A case study of the Hyatt Regency walkway collapse is discussed to highlight the catastrophic consequences of neglecting ethical standards. Ultimately, the article advocates for stronger ethical guidelines and leadership to promote sustainability and social responsibility in the construction industry. - Ethics of UX Design in Social Media
UX design is an increasingly important field in the digital world as designers dictate the way users interact with digital products, shaping their experiences, emotions, and satisfaction level. This article explores the ethical implications of social media UX design through consequentialist and rights approaches. It also identifies existing patterns of unethical design on social media. In order to maintain integrity and public trust, it is important to establish a universal code of ethics in UX design. - Safe from the Fundamentals – The Ethical Case for New Programming Languages
Since their invention, C and C++ have dominated computer systems. However, their programmer-controlled memory management scheme has caused great damage globally. It is imperative to create a memory-safe online world. Possible solutions include transitioning to new languages like Rust and Cppfront and deploying external memory checkers like SafeOSL and Memsafe. - The Ethics of CGI and Deepfakes in the Film Industry
CGI and other visual effects have allowed filmmakers and game designers to create visually stunning movies and characters that were previously impossible. However, with the rise of this revolutionary and ultra-realistic technology comes significant potential for misuse. This article discusses the background of CGI and visual effects, their application in the film and entertainment industries, and the possible ways they can be exploited. It also addresses the negative implications of this technology and suggests possible solutions and mitigation strategies. - The Ethics of Smart Cities
The integration of Internet of Things technologies in urban areas aims to make life in cities more efficient, cost-effective, and sustainable. This article analyzes the smart city initiatives of Singapore, Amsterdam, Hong Kong, Toronto, and Songdo to discuss the potential benefits and ethical implications that these new technologies present. Successful projects have resulted in emission reductions and improved public services. However, the failures of other initiatives highlight ethical issues concerning data privacy, privatization, and unequal access. The analysis of these five cities emphasizes the importance of transparency and constant public engagement in implementing smart technologies in cities.